Industry Trend Report|New Drugs for Ophthalmology and Degenerative Arthritis Market: Recent Developments

Published On: 2022/09/02|Categories: 大健康(Healthcare)|

Ophthalmology International Companies Setting Up Gene Therapy

Due to the fact that the European and American policies in recent years have rewarded the development of rare disease drugs with tax deductions for trial expenses and a 7-10 year exclusivity period, coupled with the fact that the pricing of rare disease drugs is often higher, the recent investments and acquisitions of new drugs by the three major overseas ophthalmology companies, AbbVie, Novartis, and Alcon, have been mostly focused on rare ocular hereditary diseases and aging eye diseases.

Investment in drug technology has gradually shifted to gene therapy, utilizing adenovirus technology and various biomarkers for new drug development, with special emphasis on dry eye, glaucoma, macular degeneration, presbyopia, diabetic retinopathy, and neurogenic keratitis, which are rare diseases.

 

表一  眼科藥品大廠近期投資舉動

資料來源: 智璞產業趨勢研究所整理  2022年8

退化性關節炎冀望於第二期新藥

退化性關節炎國外新藥的研發,則相對需要更多耐心。2021年FDA拒絕Pfizer和Lily藥廠的NGF抑制劑的新藥臨床試驗而喊停後,目前第三期的退化性關節炎藥品除了韓國基因療法新藥Invossa之外,已沒有這類”疾病緩解型的退化性關節炎藥物(disease-modifying OA drug,DMOAD)”。然而Invossa在2019年9月被FDA中斷第三期試驗長達兩年多恢復試驗後,已於2022年4月以5.8億元美金將權利售予新加坡Juniper 生技公司。目前退化性關節炎將希望置於第二期臨床試驗的新藥,或轉向鎮痛、抗發炎,或朝向老藥新用開發。少數新開發訴求促進軟骨增生的藥品更顯珍貴,如:瑞典公司Medivir研發的MIV-711與台灣全福生技的BRM521,冀望從不同致病機轉及生物標記(Biomarker)尋求突破口,以解決臨床缺口。

 

新藥開發機會缺口胜肽藥可望成為小廠突破口

從國際廠商的新藥研發現階段成果觀察,不難看出小分子藥具有分子量小,可穿透細胞膜進入細胞內部的靶點,加上安定性,且製程相對簡單,與易儲存運送及成本價格上等諸多優勢,雖然面臨生物製劑、基因療法及細胞治療等大分子藥新的競爭,但仍主導全球藥品七成以上的市場,特別在眼科及退化性關節炎的新藥開發上具有龐大的市場發展潛力The

小分子藥中的胜肽藥,能夠模擬生化途徑,影響蛋白質和體內酵素活性之間的交互作用,較小分子藥物有更好的專一性和低副作用的精準優勢,且合成的短鏈胜肽在法規上屬於小分子類別,可以循新藥申請(New Drug Application, NDA)規定提交,而不用走生物製劑取證的嚴格規定,上市時間可縮短。由於近期人工合成胜肽裝訂、合成確效和純化技術的技術進步,使得胜肽藥物更具有製造上的成本優勢,加上藥物篩選的AI技術進步,能大幅縮短新藥開發的前期時間,因此胜肽藥的開發潛力備受新興藥廠歡迎。

 

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